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ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS PRIMARY SCHOOL RESPONSIBLE FOR THE POOR
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of
the Study
Poor
academic performance according to Aremu
(2003) is a performance that is adjudged by the examine/testee and some other
significant as falling below an expected standard. Poor academic performance
has been observed in school subjects especially Mathematics and English
language among primary school pupils (Adesemowo, 2005). Aremu (2000) stresses
that academic failure is not only frustrating to the pupils and the parents,
its effects are equally grave on the society in terms of dearth of manpower in
all spheres of the economy and politics.
Education at
primary school level is supposed to be the bedrock and the foundation towards
higher knowledge in tertiary institutions. It is an investment as well as an instrument
that can be used to achieve a more rapid economic, social, political,
technological, scientific and cultural development in the country. The National
Policy on Education (2004) stipulated that primary education is an instrument
for national development that fosters the worth and development of the
individual for further education and development, general development of the
society and equality of educational opportunities to all Nigerian children
irrespective of any real or marginal disabilities.
The role of
primary education is to lay the foundation for further education and if a good
foundation is laid at this level, there are likely to be no problem at
subsequent levels. However, different people at different times have passed the
blame of poor performance in primary school to pupils because of their low
retention, parental factors, association with wrong peers, low achievement, low
retention, and the likes (Aremu & Sokan, 2003; Aremu & Oluwole 2001;
Aremu, 2000).
Morakinyo
(2003) believe that the falling level of academic achievement is attributable
to teacher’s non-use of verbal reinforcement strategy. Others found out that
the attitude of some teachers to their job is reflected in their poor
attendance to lessons, lateness to school, unsavory comments about pupil’s
performance that could damage their ego, poor method of teaching and the likes
affect pupils’ academic performance.
The question
therefore is what is the cause of this fallen standard and poor academic
performance of pupils? Is the fault entirely that of teachers or pupils or both
of them? Is it that pupils of today are non achievers because they have low
intelligent quotient and a good neutral mechanism to be able to act
purposefully, think rationally and deal effectively with academic tasks? Or of is
it because teachers are no longer putting in much commitment as before? Or is
it in teachers’ method of teaching and interaction with pupils? Or is the poor
performance of pupils caused by parents’ perception of the causes of poor
academic performance among primary
school students in Nigeria.
1.2 Statement of
problem
The
differential scholastic achievement of students in Nigeria has been and still a
source of concern and research interest to educators, government and parents.
This is so because of the great importance that education has on the national
development of the country. All over the country, there is a consensus of
opinion about the fallen standard of education in Nigeria (Adebule, 2004).
Parents and government are in total agreement that their huge investment on
education is not yielding the desired dividend. Teachers also complain of
student’s low performance at both internal and external examination. This
problem are attributed to poor foundation from primary school due to poor
teaching standards as well as other factors such poor funding of education by
government as well as negligence by parents.
It is against
this constraints that the researcher sees the subject matter as an empirical
problem worthy of investigation.
1.3 Objectives of
the Study
The central
objective of the study is to assess the factors responsible for the poor
academic performance in public primary schools. The specific objectives are:
i. Ascertain environmental
factors as causes of poor academic performance of pupils in primary schools in
Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja.
ii. Examine teachers factors
as causes of poor academic performance of pupils in primary schools in
Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja.
iii. Determine the attitudes
of pupils as causes of poor academic performance of pupils in primary schools
in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja.
iv. Find out attitudes of
parent as causes of pupils poor academic performance in primary schools in
Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja.
1.4 Research
Questions
This research will attempt
to answer the following questions:
i.
Is the poor performance of pupils in primary schools in
Gwagwalada caused by environmental factors?
ii.
Is the poor performance of pupils in primary school
Gwagwalada caused by teacher’s factors?
iii.
Is the poor performance of pupils in primary school
Gwagwalada caused by teacher’s factors?
iv.
Is the poor performance of pupils in primary school
Gwagwalada caused by the attitudes of parents?
1.5 Basic
assumptions
From the poor academic performance
of the pupils from public primary schools in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja the
researcher based her assumption as follow:
i.
The poor academic performance of pupils in public primary
schools in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja is predicated on the pupils’ study
habits and attitudes to learning only.
ii.
That the non-availability of instructional and other
facilities like classroom size furniture etc influences pupils academic performance
in public primary schools in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja. The pupil’s
environment and regular visit of inspector of education influence. The academic
performance in public primary schools in the area of study.
1.6 Significance of
the study
The justification of the study lies in the fact that it will bring out
and correct the factors that lead to poor academic performance in the public
primary schools. It will also help the government the non-go-environment
agencies and the society at large to know and appreciate their effort and give
necessary support for the improvement of teaching and learning in out primary
schools.
1.7 Scope of the
study
This research work covers an empirical study performance of pupils in
public primary schools in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja. The study focused
entirely on the academic aspects of the schools. Therefore, the finding in this
research work is guided or dependent on information derived from the sample
schools. The study covers a period from 2006-2011.
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